AutoTURN Pro 11.0 Help
Glossary
2D Simulation
Used to indicate a 2D Turn Simulation or 2D Vertical Simulation.2D Turn Simulation
Turn simulations generated with the 2D versions of the SmartPath Tools (Generate Arc Path, Generate Corner Path, Oversteer Corner Path) as well as the Place Adaptive Simulation tool (placed on alignments or path geometry meant to represent horizontal alignments).2D Vertical Simulation
Vertical simulations placed with the Place Vertical Simulation tool on path geometry meant to represent vertical profiles.
3D Capable Vehicle
A vehicle that comprises one or two parts (i.e. articulating components), neither of which is rear steerable, whose axles have at least two wheels each, and which has profile data defined (i.e. height, roofline, and ground clearances).3D Swept Path
The 3D swept path of a vehicle is the envelope swept out by the sides, top, and bottom of the vehicle body, or any other part of the structure of the vehicle. A 3D swept path determines whether the vehicle will make contact with vertical and horizontal obstructions as well as the terrain. Create a swept path simulation by selecting the Vehicle Body envelope in Properties -> Envelopes (3D Simulations Category).3D Turn Simulation
Turn simulations generated with the 3D version of the SmartPath Tool: Generate 3D Arc Path or placed with the Place 3D Simulation tool. 3D simulations are created on terrains.
Acceleration
The time rate of increase in speed.Access Level
When Permissions are enabled, this is the level of access the user has to the software's functions. Lower level access restricts the user to basic functionality. Higher level access makes more functionality available to the user (for more information, see Tools -> Program Settings -> Permissions Category).Alignment
Vertical CAD platform specific geometric arrangement of a roadway (e.g. tangents and curvatures).Animation
The vehicle is displayed at the first vehicle position on the path then redrawn in successive vehicle positions until the end of the path is reached to simulate the vehicle in motion.Articulating Angle
For multi-part vehicles, the angle between adjacent vehicle parts, such as between the tractor and trailer of a semitrailer vehicle. Also known as yaw.Auto Steer Mode
Default simulation generation method for vehicles with rear steered parts. The rear steered part automatically follows the other parts in the vehicle.Axle Group Angle
For special transport vehicles, the maximum steering angle of the steerable axle group in the dolly of a cargo part.
Bicycle Lane
A bikeway physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier.Body Clearance Top / Side Offset
Clearance values offset from the 3D Swept Path.Bogie
An undercarriage with axles and wheels pivoting beneath a vehicle part.Bogie Spacing
The distance between the centers of (two or more) bogies.Bunk
A rotatable frame which secures the logs in a log haul trailer (telescoping trailer types).
Cargo
For special transport vehicles, an integral part of a vehicle that carries goods/equipment. Cargo dimensions affect the vehicle envelope and the vehicle maneuverability of a simulation.Chamfers
Optional vehicle clearance parameters to match the profile of the undercarriage of a real vehicle.Conflicting Envelope Portion
The portion of the envelope that is conflicting with obstacles or the terrain.Connector Height
The height of the articulating pivot connecting two parts in a multi-part vehicle.Constant Pursuit
An approximate numerical method used to calculate the positions and orientations of the body of a vehicle and any trailing articulating components as it moves forward, given a starting position and the path to be followed by the vehicle's front axle.Corners
Front and rear pairs of filleted or chamfered vehicle body corners.Current Vehicle
The vehicle last selected in Vehicles.Custom Vehicle
A set of dimensions for a user-defined vehicle.
Deceleration
The time rate of decrease in speed.Design Vehicle
This is a set of dimensions for a common vehicle which defines a standard used by a particular jurisdiction for typical road design conditions.Dolly
For special transport vehicles, a steering capable component in a cargo part that supports the end of the cargo. A dolly may be configured with one or more steerable bogies.Dynamic Conflict Analysis
Functionality for detecting where simulation envelopes interact with lines and arcs on a user specified layer/level or terrain (see Tools -> Properties' Conflict Analysis Category).Dynamically Check Simulation
Optional feature in the Generate 3D Arc Path tool where the conflicts and vehicle limits are checked while dragging.
Effective Wheelbase
For cargo, effective wheelbase is an override value which can be used to match the vehicle's turning capabilities when the vehicle is not engaged in rear component path steering. For trailers with uneven axle spacing where the trailing booster axles are steering, or a lead load bearing axle is steering as in tankers, effective wheelbase should be measured to the center of the fixed axles, and the steering axles should honor the Ackermann's function.Envelopes
Envelopes refer to the lines traced out by the selected vehicle elements, the vehicle body or swept path, the tire tracks, the vehicle load, or clearances from these elements.Exclusion Lines
Exclusion lines designate building walls, curbs, etc (lines you don’t want vehicles to drive across).
Filter List
Displays the available choices for the Group By choice in the Select Current Vehicle dialog box.Frames per Second
The number of frames that play back per second. Generally speaking, the higher the number the smoother the playback.
Ground Clearance
The bottom clearance values of the vehicle (i.e. front, wheelbase, and rear).
Last Path
The last selected pre-drawn path.Lateral Acceleration
The acceleration developed when a vehicle travels on a curve at a uniform speed. Lateral acceleration is calculated based on the speed and centerline radius using the following formula: Lacc= (2.15121(V2) / R (English units) or Lacc = ((V/3.6)2) / R (metric units), where V = speed (mph or km/h), and R = radius (m or feet). AutoTURN Pro applies lateral acceleration at speeds of 19 mph (30 km/h) or greater, and when the centerline radius is used.Lateral Friction
The side friction or Lateral Friction factor is the coefficient of friction between the vehicle's tires and the road surface. The friction value is assumed to decrease as the speed increases.Line of Sight
A straight line segment joining the vehicle position (driver's eye) to the target point ahead.Loads
Representations of objects carried by or attached to the vehicle outside the scope of the vehicle's dimensions.Lock to lock time
The time in seconds that an average driver would take under normal driving conditions to turn the steering wheel of a vehicle from the lock position on one side, to the lock position on the other side.
Maneuver
A single section in a turn simulation. Section and Maneuver are synonymous.Manual Steer Mode
Manual simulation generation method for vehicles that contain independently rear steered parts. The user specifies the steering angle adjustments to the path of the independently rear steered part.Maximum Articulating Angle
The maximum angle that can occur between adjacent vehicle parts, such as between the tractor and trailer of a semitrailer. This angle is zero degrees when the parts are aligned.Maximum Lean Angle
The maximum angle that the rider of a bicycle vehicle can lean during the maneuver.Minimum Centerline Turning Radius
The radius of the arc formed by a vehicle with its steering wheels at the steering lock position. This circle passes through the center of the front (steering) axle for forward maneuvers.Minimum Curb to Curb Turning Radius
For a vehicle with a single front steering axle, this is the radius of the arc formed by the wheel farthest from the center of the vehicle turn at its maximum steering lock angle. For a vehicle with two or more front steering axles, this is the radius of the arc formed by the point midway between the wheels of the front axle group farthest from the center of the vehicle turn at its maximum Steering Lock Angle.Minimum Inner Turn Radius
The radius of the arc formed by the wheel closest to the center of the vehicle turn at its maximum steering lock angle. If there is more than one axle in the last axle group, the Minimum Inner Turn Radius is based on the center of the axle group. Note that the steering lock calculator will calculate the Minimum Inner Turn Radius value only for vehicles with a maximum of two parts.Minimum Wall to Wall Turning Radius
The radius of the arc formed by the side of the vehicle farthest from the center of the vehicle turn at its maximum steering lock angle.
Nodes
Nodes are the start or end points of the maneuvers or sections in a turn simulation.
Outline
A closed polyline / complex chain that represents the vehicle's profile.
Pause
A pause temporarily stops the playback of a simulation. Pauses can be used, for example, to simulate vehicular traffic flows at street intersections.Permissions
When Permissions are enabled, this allows CAD System Managers to restrict the user's access to the software's functions.Pitch
For multi-part vehicles, the angle of rotation around the lateral axis of the vehicle between a tractor and a trailer.Plan/Profile View Data
Vehicle parameters that are used to generate a 2D simulation.Playback Speed
The relative speed at which the animation plays back. The Playback Speed setting only affects playback within the drawing. Playback speed of the final AVI output file is not affected by this setting.Pre-drawn Path
The vehicle path drawn in the CAD platform (AutoCAD/BricsCAD/ZWCAD or MicroStation) using the CAD platform's drawing tools. For example, it could define a known, or best guess of the path that will be followed by the center of the front axle of the current vehicle.Profile
The side view representation of a vehicle used in dialog box previews and the Insert Profile tool.Prorated
This term is used in the Vehicle Information dialog box. It means that the source publication's vehicle dimensions have been adjusted by applying a prorating factor. The prorating factor is the approximate percentage of the total vehicle length over the total length of the vehicle components. In addition, the prorated vehicle (components) dimensions have been adjusted to favor the vehicle wheelbase length.Punch Through
A cross-section of the 3D Swept Path at any instance along the 3D turn simulation.Punch Through Line
A line used to denote the location of the punch through in a 3D turn simulation.Punch Through Line Extents
Illustrates the two extents of the punch through line.
Realistic Vehicle
The plan view representation of the vehicle used in dialog box previews and when generating or placing 2D turn simulations.Roll
For multi-part vehicles, the angle of rotation around the longitudinal axis of the vehicle between a tractor and a trailer.Roofline
The outline of the vehicle's profile view.Roofline View Data
Additional vehicle parameters that are necessary for generating a 3D simulation (including Roofline, Ground Clearance, and ground clearance Chamfers).
Section
A section is a single maneuver in a turn simulation. Section and maneuver are synonymous.Share
The act of copying a local custom vehicle up to the network database so it is available for other users of the program on the network.Sight Lines
Representations of the vehicle's headlights or viewing areas, etc.Standard Vehicle
A non-editable vehicle definition supplied with the software (Design Vehicle).Starting Angle
In a simulation, the angle measured between zero degrees east and the centerline of the vehicle's first part. The angle can be set at the start of generating a simulation via thePick Geometry button or by specifying the Vehicle Start Angle value.
Steering Linkages
The angle pairs that define the steering behavior between two axle groups - either the front and rear axle group in a single part vehicle or the articulating angle and rear steering angle of a rear steered part in a multi-part vehicle.Steering Lock Angle
Is the maximum angle the steering wheels can be turned. It is defined as the average of the angles made by the left and right steering wheels with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle when the wheels are turned to their maximum angle.Superelevation
The angle, or bank of a road surface. It is expressed as a slope. For example, a superelevation of 0.01 is a one-percent slope, which rises 1 unit for every 100 units of horizontal distance. In the SmartPath Tools, (see SmartPath Tools Overview), superelevation is limited to the range of -0.1 to 0.1.Sweep Angle
The angle between the direction of travel and the exit tangent (new heading).Swept Path
The swept path of a vehicle is the envelope swept out by the sides of the vehicle body, or any other part of the structure of the vehicle. A swept path determines whether the vehicle will make contact with vertical obstructions. Create a swept path simulation by selecting the Vehicle Body envelope in Properties -> Envelopes (2D Simulations Category).
Terrain
A surface (AutoCAD or MicroStation) or mesh (MicroStation) element used in AutoTURN Pro's 3D tools.Tire Tracks
A vehicle's tire tracks are the paths taken by the front and rear most tires. Create a tire track simulation by selecting the Front Tires and Rear Tires check boxes in the Envelopes category of the Properties dialog box.Track
The track of a vehicle is defined as the distance between the outside edges of the outermost tires on the left and right sides.The time (in seconds) that an average rider would normally take to steer from one maximum steered position on one side to the maximum steered position on the other side while also accounting for the change in lean angle between the two maximum steered positions.
It is used to approximate the rate at which an average rider may negotiate turns from a tangent or from one curve to another curve of a different radius, its default value is set to one second based on field test observations.
Turn Simulation
A turn simulation consists of a connected series of one or more vehicle maneuvers or sections. The turn simulation comprises the path, the vehicle and the tire track or vehicle body envelopes.
User-defined Vehicle
A set of dimensions for a custom vehicle.
Vehicle
Vehicle is used as a general term to denote all moving elements in simulations whether they are simulations containing highway vehicles, aircraft, passenger boarding bridges, ground support vehicles, etc.Vehicle Library
A set of standard vehicles or a set of custom vehicles.Vehicle List
The list of vehicles displayed after grouping and filtering in the Select Current Vehicle dialog box. Select a vehicle from this list to view, edit, or become the current vehicle, etc.
Width
The width of a vehicle is defined as the distance between adjacent sides.
XY Plane
In MicroStation, this is the XY plane with an active depth of zero (z=0) at the global origin. In AutoCAD, this is the XY plane of the world coordinate system with a Z value of zero.
Yaw
The angle between adjacent vehicle parts, such as between the tractor and trailer of a semitrailer vehicle. Also Articulating Angle.